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KMID : 0351619670080010117
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Kyungpook Medical Journal
1967 Volume.8 No. 1 p.117 ~ p.131
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Some Physiologic Changes in the Hypothernic Dog
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Abstract
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Changes in acid-base balance and electrolytes concentration in plasma were studied during hypothermia. Thirty apparently healthy mongorel dogs, ranging in weight from 15 to 18kg., were used in this study. All animals were anesthetized with approximately 20∼30 mg./kg. of pentothal sodium and 20 animals were subjected to hypothermia under spontaneous respiration by means of surface cooling and rewarming technique with ice and hot water respective1y. The body temperatures were determined by means of a mercury thermometer inserted into the esophagus. The measurements of hemoglobin, hematocrit, the mean arterial pH, mean arterial pCO₂,total plasma CO₂, bicarbonate, blood lactate and some electrolytes were dont at normothermia, 30 and 25℃ during the period of cooling and 30 and 38℃ during the period of rewarming. The changes of these animals were compared with the control values which were obtained in another 10 normothermic dogs at approximately the same time lapse after the hypothermic dogs attained to the corresponding body temperatures.
1. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were increased progressively during the period of cooling. Onrewarming the animals, hemoglobin showed a tendency of remaining at the increascd level while hematocrit values approached to those in the control group.
2. The mean arterial pH was decreased from 7.38 of the control level to 7.19 when the body temperature was lowered to 25℃ and gradually returncd to the contro1 level during the period of rewarming. The mean arterial pCO₂, total plasma CO₂, bicarbonate and blood lactate were persistently increased during the period of cooling. As animals were rewarmed, they returned to the controt level except blood lactate which shewed further increase.
3. The acid-base balance was analysed by "pH-bicarbonate figure" in accordance with Austin´s "acid-base pattern-analysis diagram". Acute respiratory acidosis was developed at 25℃ which was believed to be caused by inadequate pulmonary ventilation. when the dogs were rewarmed to 38℃, minimal degree of metabolic acidosis occurred, which seemed to be a result from lactiacidemia.
4. Plasma potassium and magnesium were increased progressively during cooling and rewarming
5. No significant changes were observed in plasma calcium, chloride, total protein and blood sugar during the whole process of cooling and rewarming.
6. At 25℃, th Ca/K ratio was decreased from 1.38 of precooling level to 1.13, which was believed to be caused mainly by the increase of potassium, with calcium level unaltered.
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